AC Refrigerant Types Comparison for Portland Homes (2026)
R-410A is on the way out. New low-GWP refrigerants like R-32 and R-454B are arriving in 2026, promising better efficiency and lower environmental impact. Learn how the transition affects replacement timelines, rebates, and service costs across the Portland metro.
Read Time
10 minute read
Service Area
Portland Metro
License
CCB #187834
Owner & Lead HVAC Technician
Table of Contents
Refrigerant Changes Coming to Portland
The EPA AIM Act and corresponding Oregon DEQ regulations are phasing down high-GWP refrigerants like R-410A. Homeowners planning AC or heat pump upgrades need to understand low-GWP alternatives, availability timelines, and how incentives favor early adopters.
R-410A vs R-32 vs R-454B Comparison
Use this table to evaluate each refrigerant’s environmental profile, performance, and service considerations before deciding on a replacement strategy.
| Refrigerant | Global Warming Potential | Efficiency & Performance | Availability | Key Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-410A (Current Standard) | 2,088 GWP | Baseline SEER2 ratings | Phasing down; available but production limits increase cost through 2026 | Requires POE oil, moderate operating pressures, no retrofit to R-32/R-454B without equipment swap |
| R-32 (Emerging 2025) | 675 GWP (68% lower than R-410A) | Supports higher SEER2/EER2 ratings with improved heat transfer | Arriving in premium ducted and ductless systems mid-2025; widely adopted in Asia/EU | Mildly flammable (A2L); uses less refrigerant charge; requires new gauges and recovery cylinders |
| R-454B (Scheduled 2025–2026) | 466 GWP (78% lower than R-410A) | Similar cooling capacity to R-410A with lower discharge temperatures | Carrier, Bryant, and Trane releasing models Q4 2025; full rollout expected 2026 | Mildly flammable (A2L); drop-in successor for OEMs favoring R-454B over R-32 |
Environmental & Regulatory Landscape
Lower-GWP refrigerants reduce climate impact and ensure code compliance. Portland’s sustainability goals align with national directives, accelerating adoption of A2L refrigerants.
2025
EPA AIM Act limits R-410A production and imports by 30%. Oregon DEQ adopts alignment with national phasedown.
2026
Residential AC and heat pump manufacturers must transition to refrigerants with GWP < 700 for new equipment.
2028
Service-only production allowances drop further; R-410A prices expected to double compared to 2024 averages.
2030
Full phasedown targets 85% reduction in HFC consumption relative to 2011–2013 baseline.
Efficiency & System Performance
R-32 and R-454B systems deliver stronger performance, particularly in cold-climate heat pumps popular across the Pacific Northwest.
Higher Efficiency Ratings
R-32 and R-454B systems routinely deliver SEER2 ratings of 18–24 and HSPF2 of 9–11 in cold-climate heat pumps. Improved heat transfer allows smaller coil sizes and higher capacity in low ambient conditions.
Lower Operating Pressure
R-454B operates at similar pressures to R-410A, simplifying service. R-32 has slightly higher discharge pressure but improved heat absorption, which results in faster cooling and heating recovery times.
Reduced Refrigerant Charge
New refrigerants require 20–30% less refrigerant by weight, decreasing environmental impact and potential service costs while enabling more compact equipment footprints.
Retrofit vs Replacement Guidance
Evaluate your system’s age, performance, and refrigerant type to build a smart replacement timeline. Upgrading proactively can secure incentives and avoid peak-season shortages.
Systems Installed 2015–2022 (Good Condition)
Continue operating with R-410A and maintain regular tune-ups. Budget for replacement between 2027–2030 as parts availability shifts and efficiency standards tighten.
Aging Systems (12+ Years Old)
Plan proactive replacement with R-32 or R-454B equipment to capture 2025 federal tax credits and Energy Trust incentives before R-410A costs spike further.
Leaking R-22 Systems
Immediate replacement recommended. New equipment qualifies for up to $2,000 federal credit plus Energy Trust rebates when installed by a trade ally like Efficiency Heating & Cooling.
Commercial & Multi-Family Buildings
Develop multi-year capital plans transitioning rooftop units and VRF systems to low-GWP refrigerants. Evaluate leak detection and ventilation upgrades for code compliance.
Costs, Availability & Supply Chain Outlook
Understanding price trends and equipment availability helps you plan ahead. We maintain strong supplier relationships to secure inventory for our clients.
Refrigerant Pricing
R-410A wholesale costs increased 45% from 2023 to 2024 and are projected to climb another 30% by 2026 due to production limits. R-32 and R-454B cylinders retail near $4–$5 per pound initially, stabilizing as supply grows.
Equipment Availability
Carrier/Bryant “Evolution” series and Mitsubishi ductless lines will ship R-32 models in mid-2025. R-454B units follow later in the year. Expect limited inventory early; pre-ordering ensures installation dates.
Energy Savings
Switching from R-410A to R-32/R-454B heat pumps can reduce annual energy use by 10–18% for Portland households, saving $120–$220 per year based on PGE rates.
Installation Best Practices for New Refrigerants
Proper installation ensures safety and performance. Efficiency Heating & Cooling technicians are trained on A2L refrigerants and equipped with specialized tools for compliant installations.
Plan Your Refrigerant Transition with Confidence
Schedule a consultation to build a replacement roadmap, secure incentives, and ensure your next system is future-proofed for refrigerant regulations.
Serving Portland, Beaverton, Tigard, Lake Oswego, West Linn, and surrounding communities.
Related Portland HVAC Services
Heat Pump Installation
Cold-climate systems featuring R-32 and R-454B refrigerants.
Air Conditioner Replacement
Upgrade to high-efficiency ACs designed for low-GWP refrigerants.
Maintenance Plans & Leak Detection
Protect refrigerant charge and extend equipment life.
Commercial HVAC Upgrades
Plan refrigerant transitions for commercial and multifamily properties.